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Descriptive Essay about Autism
The word Autism is derived from the Greek word autios which means self. ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that persists lifelong. The word Autism was first used by Eugen Bleuler in 1911 as a symptom of Schizophrenia (Onaolapo & Onaolapo, 2017). Normally it is found from infancy to 2 years child (Cohen, 2002). A child with this type of disorder faces difficulty in social communication and language development. It can also affect the brain development. Now a day the rate of Autism among children is getting increased. Autism Spectrum Disorder child faces difficulty in social interaction, verbal communication, behavioral problem, and understanding (Demetria, Durodoye, & Harris, 2013). Socialization becomes very difficult for them. They cannot do the daily activities easily in their life like other children without Autism. Even they cannot make new friends. They cannot adopt new ideas and their creativity level is not satisfied (Mavropoulou & Sideridis, 2014). Leo Kanner and Hans Asperger have given some information about Autism which is what the limitations of their social and emotional behavior are. Kanner reported that behavioral issues such as poor social interaction, obsessiveness, stereotypic movement, and echolalia in the affected children to diagnose Autism. Kanner was the first person who termed infantile autism (known as Kanners syndrome) to describe his observations (Onaolapo & Onaolapo, 2017).
According to the World Health Organization (2018), every 1 in 160 children of all ages worldwide have an ASD. According to WHO (2017), 17 children in every 10,000 children in Bangladesh are born children with Autism. In the United States in every 68 children 1 becomes Autism (Salkas, Magana, Marques, & Mirza, 2016). In South Asia, 1.4% children get affected by Autism (Minhas, et al., 2015). In recent findings of 2010-2015 in Nepal 246 children have Autism (Shrestha, Dissanayake, & Barbaro, 2019). According to a report of BBS (2015), a total of Disable people 496,480 is now living in Sylhet City and the number of Autism children is 0.11 & Analysis by Division reveals that overall disability prevalence is highest in Barisal (prevalence =1.65%). Respectively Autism is most prevalent in Sylhet Division (prevalence=0.11%) (Statistics, 2015).
Sylhet is rich in natural beauty. There are many shrines and mosques in Sylhet. So it is called the spiritual capital of Bangladesh. So, here people believe in traditional things. They go through alternative medicine or treatments to get rid of the childs physical and mental sickness (Majumder, Kamal, & Ahmed, 2018). Traditional beliefs may divert a person or a nation to take the wrong treatment. Specially parents take their children for traditional treatment to get them well (Minhas, et al., 2015).
A great deal of shame and loneliness are associated with Autism. This type of coping mechanism is as the family is unable to escape from the cultural belief systems and thus is forced to be isolated, keeping a secret life at home (Hwan & Charnley, 2010). The research on Asian families believed that disability is a punishment from God (Brinda, Fowler, & Miller, 2010). These conditions can impact families. Families comply with their childrens cultural and religious rules because they think that God listens to the children (Jegatheesan, Multilingual Development in Children with Autism: Perspectives of South Asian Muslim Immigrant Parents on Raising a Child with a Communicative Disorder in Multilingual Contexts, 2011). In the cultural belief of family and family relationship plays a vital role in the childs daily life. It also influences the family to make a decision and what kind of treatment they will give to their child. In this study, Indian parents believed that Autism is a punishment from God. In Mexican culture, Haitian and Latian Americans believed that disability is like the evil eye. It can affect children and their relationships with family members and other social interactions (Ravindran & Myers, 2011).
There are numerous types of research that explored that Indian families accept their childrens disability only because of the spirituality of their souls. The family thinks disability is a punishment from God because of this they are compelled to adapt to it. The professionals like (SLTs) can help there to understand their feelings of attitude and cooperate to increase their ability to accept (Heydari, Shahidi, & Mohammadpour, 2015). Parents believed that prayers, care for their child, regular nutrition, and supernatural power is the only way that can improve their child’s condition (Kavaliotis, 2017). In many cases parents of children with Autism dont identify childrens had of evidence-based therapies. They give their child Alternative therapies like (biological treatment, kobiraj, and homeopathy). For this, the risk to a childs life increases day by day. Latino families have more expectations for their children. Mexicans want their children to follow rules and socialized like normal children.
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