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Presentation of Fictional Future in Andrew Niccols Gattaca and Nancy Fuldas Movement’
Science fiction texts imagine a future where technological boundaries are pushed and often discuss the costs of these advancements on humanity. By extrapolating from trajectories of present concerns that arise as a result of the negative evolution of technology, the endurance and power of the human spirit is revealed. Andrew Niccols 1997 film Gattaca, introduces the societal ideology of genetic determinism that discriminates individuals based on their genetic makeup. Whereas, Nancy Fuldas 2011 short story Movement reveals how a society has distorted the unique identity of a character by creating a derogatory term for ones extraordinary behavior, temporal autism. While Gattaca discusses the limiting effects of discrimination based on an individuals DNA, Movement explores the conflict between conforming to the expectations of a homogenous society and accepting ones unique identity. However, both texts present two separate characters that are limited by their restrictive environments but still display resilience and determination.
Niccols Gattaca uncovers a new form of discrimination, where ones DNA determines an individuals position in societys social hierarchy. Through the main protagonist Vincent who conceals his identity, Niccols presents a future where discrimination will not solely be limited to racial or gender prejudice, which is prevalent both historically and in todays society. The close-up shots of the ID cards introduce viewers into the world of Gattaca, where society is divided into two distinct classes of valids and in-valids. Similar to the society of Movement which coins the term temporal autism as an imaginary variant of autism, disparaging names are given to those conceived naturally, such as defectives or de-gene-erates. The infinity symbol, representative of ones self as a valid, symbolizes the endless possibilities that is predetermined from birth. This is contrasted by the cross symbol for in-valids, suggesting that their natural identities determined by Gods hands are inferior. Since birth, Vincent is compared to his brother Anton, conceived through genetic selection. The overhead shot of the two characters swimming where Vincent struggles with seaweed in his path while Antons path is clear, serves as a symbolic reminder that Vincents genetic inferiority will always be an obstacle that denies him of any opportunities to discover his true potential. For this reason, Vincent adopts the identity of Jerome, who offers him the chance to fulfil his lifelong aspirations of space travel. A deliberate parallel is constructed in the final scenes of the film through the constant cuts between Vincents triumph and Jeromes tragic demise. This scene reveals that despite being given the opportunity from birth to prosper, Jerome undeniably suffers under the burden of perfection, disproving societys basis for their discrimination. Hence, by exploring a fictional future that exaggerates the advancements of genetic modification, Niccols Gattaca evidently comments on present day discrimination and how it can undermine ones potential in society.
Conversely, Fuldas short story Movement is set in a potential future where an individuals unique identity is considered unorthodox by the worlds standards and is pejoratively referred to as temporal autism. Through the vibrant imagery, billowing layers of cumulous blazing with refracted oranges and red , readers are introduced to the protagonist, Hannah, who views the world through a different and extraordinary lens. Although Hannah is given the choice to conform to the expectations of a homogenous society that promises success, the rhetorical question, I wonder, if the plant had been offered the certainty of mediocrity rather than the chance of greatness, would it have accepted? depicts her uncertainty as she must decide whether to change or accept her predetermined unique traits. The Venus fly trap that bears a magnificent blossom stands as a metaphor for Hannahs potential yet the ordinary stem, too spindly to support this innovation represents her dichotomous society that rejects individuality. Throughout the story, the duality of glass is used to exemplify her unique personality as Hannah constantly compares herself to it, however simultaneously acts as an obstacle I am not static, no more than the large glass window that lights the breakfast table .
Both Movement and Gattaca portray characters whose societies have deemed them to be inadequate. However, unlike Gattaca, where Vincent decides to change his identity, in Movement, Hannah decides not to change and maintain her true self as she begins a new journey of self-discovery through ballet. The repetition of I do not want new shoes in the final line embodies her decision to embrace her unique identity. Hence, the futuristic setting of Movement largely reflects our present society which posits the notion that an individual’s success isnt confined to societys expectations, rather, by ones determination to preserve their unique identity.
Overall, Niccols Gattaca and Fuldas Movement present fictional future by amplifying trajectories of present concerns to discuss the consequences on humanity. Both texts are set in restrictive environments that test the characters determination and drive for success. Effectively, Gattaca delves into a societys suppressive ideology that an individuals DNA dictates their success in life while Movement, explores the conflict between conforming to a homogenous or choosing to embrace ones unique identity.
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