Thalidomide Sedative: A Short History - Special Academic Support

Do you need this or any other assignment done for you from scratch?

We assure you a quality paper that is 100% free from plagiarism and AI.

You can choose either format of your choice ( Apa, Mla, Havard, Chicago, or any other)

NB: We do not resell your papers. Upon ordering, we do an original paper exclusively for you.

NB: All your data is kept safe from the public.

Click Here To Order Now!

Thalidomide Sedative: A Short History

Table of Contents

Birth defects if taken during pregnancy
Side effects similar to other tranquilizers
Hypotheses for the mechanism for teratogenicity
References

Thalidomide was first licensed in July 1956, intended as sedative, treats many conditions. Initially it was considered safe for pregnant women. Caused significant developmental issues in babies. 1961: withdrawn after a major scandal. Thalidomide was greatly affected drug testing and approval.

Birth defects if taken during pregnancy

Can also be transmitted by semen.
Defects include amelia, phocomelia, facial palsy.
absense of bones, and heart defects.
Thromboembolism in combination with other drugs.
Temporary or permanent nerve damage.

Side effects similar to other tranquilizers

Neurological: Somnolence, fatigue, weakness, mood alteration.
Neurological: mild tremors, ataxia, anxiety and confusion.
Gastrologic complications: constipation to toxic megacolon.
Cardiovascular: hypertension, bradycardia, and peripheral edema.
Hematologic: neutropenia, hypochromic anemia, splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia.
Used to treat leprosy and cancer.

Hypotheses for the mechanism for teratogenicity

Anti-angiogenesis and oxidative stress models.
Hypotheses for immunomodularity and anti-inflammatory effects.
Modulation of tumor necrosis factor alpha.
Suppression of macrophage involvement of prostaglandin synthesis.

References

Ghobrial, I. M., & Rajkumar, S. V. (2003). Management of thalidomide toxicity. The Journal of Supportive Oncology, 1(3), 194-205.

Ito, T., & Handa, H. (2012). Deciphering the mystery of thalidomide teratogenicity. Congenital Anomalies, 52(1), 1-7.

National Center for Biotechnology Information (2021). PubChem Annotation Record for THALIDOMIDE.

Science Museum (2019). Thalidomide.