During the Qajar dynasty (1789-1925), Iran experienced very little modernization

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During the Qajar dynasty (1789-1925), Iran experienced very little modernization. Iran retained a traditional social structure grounded in religious and cultural values of the time, religious and cultural values which had permeated the state in its governance and community life. By virtue of the very tribal and decentralized political structure they had, local leaders wielded a lot of autonomy but simultaneously sapped the central government’s local authority. Finally, Iran’s lack of cohesion and continuous exposure to foreign influence in the absence of a central administration has left the way wide open for outside powers to walk over Iran; Britain and Russia keeping considerable control over Iran’s economic and political affairs. The Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC), officially the Organization of the Islamic Conference was an intergovernmental organization with a permanent Secretariat in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, for 43 years using Libya’s refusal to pay compensation for its role in downing. Foreign interests held wide sway over the country while domestic politics were unreliable and provided the springboard for Iran’s eventual bid for centralized political reforms and modernization.
It was from this point that the drive for modernization carried the momentum of Reza Shah Pahlavi after 1925 away from the traditional governance towards rapid reform and Western inspired modernization. In order to reduce foreign influence Reza Shah centralized the power, made the people stronger national identity, implemented numerous social and economic changes. Opinion: He also offered reform of the military, judiciary, and education systems; stimulating industrialization; and imposition of secularization to restrict the clergy eventually. The modernization put such an effort on Iran’s social, political and cultural relations that they completely went through a change. But their rapidity and topdown character voiced a tension with religious groups and rural populations who saw these forces as eating away at Iranian cultural values. In this paper, the paper argues that during the era of Iran’s modernization under the Pahlavi dynasty resulted in transforming Iran’s socio-political structure but also left behind a troublesome legacy of both national modernization and public discontent to create the ground for Iranian Revolution in 1979.
Outline (4-6 bullet points)
Introduction: Iran before modernization and the appearance of pressures for reform: a historical overview.
Qajar Dynasty and Pre-Modernization Society: Study of the traditional structures of Iran, the role of religion and tribal authority and early traces of modern influences.
Reza Shah’s Modernization Policies: An overview of Reza Shah’s rule, his modernization agenda and the socio-political changes that took place during the period under review such as, the changes in the field of education, the law and urban development.
Impact on Iranian Society and Culture: And other changes in cultural identity.
Mohammad Reza Shah and Continued Modernization Efforts: I focus on Mohammad Reza Shah’s White Revolution and what it led to; increasing dissatisfaction.
Conclusion: Analysis on the influence of modernization policies on the cumulative contribution towards the revolutionary climate in the late 1970s.

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