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Climate Change and Its Potential Impact on Agriculture and Food Supply
According to the laws of dynamics, the earth, together with all its resources can be viewed as a closed system, which is governed by irreversible energetic processes. As such, it behaves as a single, self-regulating structure comprised of physical, chemical, and biological components, and this will include humans (Robert, et al, 1997). All of these components interact in diverse and complex ways through the function of the ecosystem that integrates the level of energy and raw materials used, the solid, liquid, and gaseous wastes produced, as well as the collective socio-economic impacts imposed on these pathways of the system life support ( Flint, 2004a).
The global food supply chain has been greatly affected by the impact that global climate change has had on agriculture. (Cynthia R. & Hillel.D, 1995). There are however benefits as well as drawbacks to crop production as a result of climate change. There have been reported cases of rainfall modification, as well as alterations in the way certain soils are able to hold moisture. Still, changes in carbon dioxide reserves in the soils have been known to affect crops physiology. Alterations in climate change have also seen the recording of spells of high temperatures with accompanying drought periods. this has greatly disrupted crop production. (Cynthia. R & Hillel. D, 1995).
At the same time, higher air temperatures warm the soil and in effect, speed up the decomposition of organic matter, enhances affects fertility (Robert, et al, 1997). With regard to infrastructure, climate variability may lead to the closure of roads, airports, and bridges due to flooding as well as the physical damage associated with these. Consequently, other key sectors and services are also affected. In terms of industries, the tourism sector is more likely to be impacted.
Retreating shorelines, as well as coastal flooding, could lead to not only subsidence of seaside property, but also an erosion in tourist hotspots (Lis Gibson, 2007). As such, many holiday destinations are threatened by climate change. As far as freshwaters are concerned, global warming may lead to a likely loss of fish, particularly for the cold-water species (Susan H. J, 2001). The floras and faunas of the fresh waters have also not been spared. The breeding for fish has been destroyed, posing danger to future generations. this also includes deprived food sources for fish, not to mention their deaths (Sousounis. P & Glick. P, 2000).
Various vector-borne diseases, many enteric illnesses as well as water-related diseases are largely determined by climatic factors. Warmer temperatures will enhance mosquito breeding, while extreme hot and dry conditions reduce their survival (WHO, 2003). Still, many diarrheal diseases vary according to seasons, a suggestion of climate sensitivity. Extremes of temperatures are also capable of killing not only marine life but human as well. Increased global temperatures are directly associated with a decrease in polar ice, the melting of glaciers as well as the thawing of permanently frozen ground in high latitudes (Robert, et al, 1997).
Presently, the human population is increasing at an alarming rate. This is a potential threat to future generations, as the few available resources do not rise in tandem with the increase in population (Gillespie 2002). If anything, humankind is rapidly depleting these resources. There is thus an urgent need to ensure that we have reduced pollution and other carbon emissions that will pose a potential threat to future generations. This way, we can rest assured that these future generations are able to enjoy the wonders of nature.
Bibliography
Cynthia Rosenzweig & Daniel Hillel. Potential impacts of climate change on agriculture and food supply: The nature and implications of environmental change, 1(2); 3-7.
Peter Sousounis& Patty Glick, 2000. Impacts of climate change in the United States: The potential impacts of global warming on the great lakes region.
Lis Gibson, 2007. Does climate change spell crisis or opportunity for the industry?: Journal of hospitality and travel news.
Impact of climatic change on the least developed countries and small island developing states, jun e 2007, United Nations, New York, pg 16
WHO, 2003. risks and responses: climate change and human health, ISBN 9241590815.
Tarleton Gillespie. (2002). Science & Technology in the public arena: Science & Technology 101.
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